Monday, September 22, 2025

Formulas & Functions

Virtually everything business users do with Excel involves worksheet formulas and functions. And this category concentrates on that topic.

This category also includes what Microsoft calls “Names”—which many of us call “Range Names.” More accurately, however, “Names” are named formulas.

Check tags for information about specific functions.

In a list of items that could appear in a worksheet any number of times, here's how to count the number of items that appear only once. Or twice. And so on.

How to Count the Occurrences of Items in a List

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"I have a list of repair orders (RO). I want to know how many one line repair orders there are in the list. So...
When we import data into Excel, dates can arrive in formats that Excel wasn't designed to translate. Here are some ways to make sense of unusual dates.

How to Convert Unusual Date Text Imported to Excel

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When you import data into Excel, dates often arrive in formats that Excel doesn’t recognize. This is particularly true if your data comes from...
To calculate the correct growth rate for your data you need to be clear about what you want your growth rate to signify. Here's how to work it out.

How to Calculate BOTH Types of Compound Growth Rates in Excel

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If you search the web to learn how to calculate a compound growth rate in Excel, you’ll likely find instructions for calculating only one...
The Internal Rate of Return calculation has very real problems, no matter where it's calculated. But with its MIRR function, Excel could offer a solution.

How Excel’s MIRR Function Can Fix the IRR Function

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The calculation of an Internal Rate of Return is very appealing...at first glance. When you know the IRR of a prospective investment, you seem to...
Most range names in Excel apply to the entire workbook. But you also can define them to apply only to one worksheet. Here's why and how to do that.

How and Why to Define Excel Range Names with a Worksheet Scope

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In Excel, a name can be global to a workbook or local to a worksheet. The traditional method we all use when we create...
How to calculate and highlight the standard error of the estimate on each side of the trend in an Excel chart to make exceptional results stand out.

Highlight Normal Results in Line Charts to Make Exceptional Results Stand Out

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Line charts that show trends in performance are the most useful type of chart that management reports can contain. All managers want good performance to...
Although Excel's FREQUENCY function was designed to calculate frequency distributions, you also can use the SUM-IF, SUMPRODUCT, INDEX-FREQUENCY, and COUNTIFS functions. Here's a summary of the methods and your options.

Five Ways to Calculate Frequency Distributions in Excel

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Walt captures blood-pressure readings and wants to find how often the readings fall into various ranges of values. This is a common need for a...
Here's how to set up Future- and Present-Value formulas that allow compounding by using an interest rate and referencing cash flows and their dates.

Find Future and Present Values from Scheduled Cash Flows in Excel

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"I would like a Future Value command similar to the XIRR and XNPV functions, which allow compounding by using an interest rate and referencing...
Excel's SUMIFS and SUMPRODUCT functions both can return the sum of a column of data under specified conditions. But which calculates more quickly?

Excel’s SUMIFS or SUMPRODUCT…Which is faster?

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Today, I learned about an Excel reporting need that looks something like this: There’ll be about 150,000 rows of data maintained in an Excel database. ...
Excel's CLEAN function does more than Excel's help topic says. In fact, it cleans all but two nonprinting characters in the ASCII and Unicode character sets. Here's how to deal with nonprinting characters.

Excel’s CLEAN Function is More Powerful Than You Think

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The Excel 2016 help file for the CLEAN function provides more information than earlier versions: “Removes all nonprintable characters from text. Use CLEAN on text imported...

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Growing too fast can be dangerous to your company's health. Use the Sustainable Growth Rate ratio to track your company's financial ability to grow.

How Fast Is Too Fast?

(Originally published in Inc Magazine.) What typically tops the list of worries of the chief executive officers of fast growing companies? Financing that growth, according...

How to Smooth Data by Using the TREND Function

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Years ago, I read that Prof. William S. Cleveland had suggested that data could be smoothed by calculating a centered trendline through adjacent data—a...
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